圖為2025年1月20日，唐納德·川普總統在華盛頓特區白宮簽署一系列行政命令。（圖片來源：Jabin Botsford /The Washington Post via Getty Images）
【看中國2025年1月21日訊】（看中國記者楊天資綜合報導）川普1月20日宣誓就任美國第47位總統，上任首日火速簽署數十道政令、公告，大幅改變拜登政府的政策，包含率美退出世衛組織、巴黎氣候協定等。
川普就職首日率美退出WHO、巴黎氣候協定 重要政令一覽
美國總統川普1月20日剛就職即簽署行政命令，率美國退出世界衛生組織（WHO）。川普認為，世衛在COVID-19疫情和其他國際衛生危機上都應對不力。
川普簽署政令時說：「世衛組織敲我們竹槓，每個人都敲詐美國。這種事不會再發生了。」
綜合法新社、路透社等外媒報導，川普指世衛無法在不受「成員國不當政治影響」下獨立行動，還要美國「不公平地支付重金」，與中國等其它大國所支付的金額不成比例。
此舉意味美國將在12個月內退出世衛，並停止資助世衛相關計畫。
據喬治城大學公衛法律專家高斯丁（Lawrence O. Gostin）指出，完成退出需要一些時間，因為當年成立世衛時，美國國會通過一項聯合決議規範退出程序。
外媒評論稱，川普讓美國退出世衛組織並不令人意外。他在第一次執政期間的2020年就曾指控世衛在COVID-19疫情起源上協助中國「誤導全球」，並於當年7月正式採取行動準備退出世衛。
美國是世衛的最大財務來源國，所提供的資助遠超其他國家，約占世衛整體資金的18%。世衛組織2024年度到2025年度的兩年期預算為68億美元。
下令退出巴黎協定 川普重要政令一覽
美國總統川普率領的新政府於美東時間20日上任首日即宣布，美國將二度退出巴黎氣候協定。
在川普就職後不久，白宮便發表聲明宣布退出巴黎協定，而川普也已簽署相關行政命令。不過，白宮未明確說明具體時程。根據規定，正式退出需要向聯合國提交通知後約一年才能完成。
綜合《華爾街日報》、美聯社與美國有線電視新聞網（CNN），川普就任後幾小時內簽署行政命令、公告扭轉至少78項拜登政府的政策，重要內容包括：
了結所有與2021年1月6日國會山莊暴動相關的近1600宗案件，包含赦免1270名定罪被告、下令司法部撤銷300件尚在調查中案件等。
簽署一系列打擊非法移民的命令，包含宣布美國南部邊境進入國家緊急狀態、終止在美出生即取得公民權、將販毒集團列為境外恐怖組織（為美軍赴墨西哥等境外執行反毒戰爭鋪路）等。
取消對跨性別者保護、美國政府只承認男性和女性兩種性別，終止聯邦政府的多元、平等及包容（DEI）計畫。
退出巴黎氣候協定（Paris climate accord）
退出世界衛生組織（WHO）
放寬石油、天然氣的開發，特別是讓阿拉斯加擴大化石燃料生產。
2月1日起將對墨西哥、加拿大的銷美商品課徵25%關稅。
重申收回巴拿馬運河、墨西哥灣（Gulf of Mexico）更名美洲灣（Gulf of America）。
延後75天執行TikTok「不賣就禁」的法院判決
川普就職演說全文
美國總統川普20日在國會山莊圓形大廳（Capitol Rotunda）就職時，發表了30分鐘的演說，開門見山指美國黃金時代從現在開始，國家將再次繁榮昌盛、再次受到世界的尊重，並且不會再讓自身遭到利用。
川普強調，法律的天平將重新平衡，司法部和政府過去惡毒、暴力和不公平的武器化（指司法迫害）將會結束，他執政的首要任務是創造自豪、繁榮和自由的國家。
川普也提及美國必須誠實面對所面臨的挑戰，例如多年以來激進且腐敗的建制派（維護現有體制者），從公民手中掠奪了權力和財富，使得美國政府在國內無法應對簡單危機、在國外面臨不斷持續的災難性事件。
川普說：在過去的8年裡他所經歷的考驗和挑戰，比美國250年歷史上任何一個總統都還要多，在這些日子他學到很多東西，而那些想要阻攔的人試圖奪走他的自由，甚至想要奪走他的性命，就在幾個月前，賓州暗殺者的子彈劃破他的耳朵，他相信自己得救是有原因的，「上帝拯救了我，讓美國再次偉大。」
「我今天會簽署一系列具有歷史意義的行政命令，藉此全面復甦美國、啟動一場「常識革命（Revolution of Common Sense）」。
另外，川普還會把毒梟指定為外國恐怖組織。透過1798年制定的《外國敵人法》，指示政府充分利用聯邦和州執法部門的權力，消除所有在美國領土上進行毀滅性犯罪的外國幫派、犯罪組織。
川普說，他將結束「綠色新政」，廢除對電動車的補助，從而拯救美國汽車工業，並兌現他對美國偉大汽車工人的承諾，讓民眾購買自己所想要選擇的汽車。
為了重建人民對聯邦政府的信心並提升效率，川普將成立「政府效率部」。
川普指出，美國海軍和各類船隻，在巴拿馬運河被嚴重過度收費，最重要的地方在於中國正在營運巴拿馬運河，但美國當初是將運河交給巴拿馬而不是中國，因此現在是該收回了。
川普就職演說原文：
Vice President Vance, Speaker Johnson, Senator Thune, Chief Justice Roberts, justices of the United States Supreme Court, President Clinton, President Bush, President Obama, President Biden, Vice President Harris and my fellow citizens:
The golden age of America begins right now. From this day forward, our country will flourish and be respected again all over the world. We will be the envy of every nation. And we will not allow ourselves to be taken advantage of any longer.
During every single day of the Trump administration, I will, very simply, put America first. Our sovereignty will be reclaimed. Our safety will be restored. The scales of justice will be rebalanced. The vicious, violent and unfair weaponization of the Justice Department and our government will end. And our top priority will be to create a nation that is proud and prosperous and free.
America will soon be greater, stronger, and far more exceptional than ever before. I return to the presidency confident and optimistic that we are at the start of a thrilling new era of national success. A tide of change is sweeping the country. Sunlight is pouring over the entire world, and America has the chance to seize this opportunity like never before.
But first, we must be honest about the challenges we face. While they are plentiful, they will be annihilated by this great momentum that the world is now witnessing and the United States of America. As we gather today, our government confronts a crisis of trust. For many years, the radical and corrupt establishment has extracted power and wealth from our citizens. While the pillars of our society lay broken and seemingly in complete disrepair, we now have a government that cannot manage even a simple crisis at home while at the same time stumbling into a continuing catalog of catastrophic events abroad.
It fails to protect our magnificent, law-abiding American citizens but provides sanctuary and protection for dangerous criminals, many from prisons and mental institutions that have illegally entered our country from all over the world. We have a government that has given unlimited funding to the defense of foreign borders but refuses to defend American borders, or more importantly, its own people.
Our country can no longer deliver basic services in times of emergency, as recently shown by the wonderful people of North Carolina, who’ve been treated so badly. And other states who are still suffering from a hurricane that took place many months ago. Or more recently, Los Angeles, where we are watching fires still tragically burn from weeks ago without even a token of defense. They’re raging through the houses and communities, even affecting some of the wealthiest and most powerful individuals in our country, some of whom are sitting here right now. They don’t have a home any longer. That’s interesting.
But we can’t let this happen. Everyone is unable to do anything about it. That’s going to change. We have a public health system that does not deliver in times of disaster, yet more money is spent on it than any country anywhere in the world. And we have an education system that teaches our children to be ashamed of themselves, in many cases to hate our country despite the love that we try so desperately to provide to them. All of this will change starting today and will change very quickly.
Our recent election is a mandate to completely and totally reverse a horrible betrayal, and all of these many betrayals that have taken place, and to give the people back their faith, their wealth, their democracy and indeed their freedom. From this moment on, America’s decline is over.
Our liberties and our nation’s glorious destiny will no longer be denied and we will immediately restore the integrity, competency and loyalty of America’s government. Over the past eight years, I have been tested and challenged more than any president in our 250-year history, and I’ve learned a lot along the way. The journey to reclaim our Republic has not been an easy one, that I can tell you. Those who wish to stop our cause have tried to take my freedom and indeed to take my life. Just a few months ago, in a beautiful Pennsylvania field, an assassin’s bullet ripped through my ear. But I felt then, and believe even more so now, that my life was saved for a reason. I was saved by God to make America great again.
That is why each day under our administration of American patriots, we will be working to meet every crisis with dignity and power and strength. We will move with purpose and speed to bring back hope, prosperity, safety and peace for citizens of every race, religion, color and creed. For American citizens, Jan. 20, 2025, is Liberation Day.
It is my hope that our recent presidential election will be remembered as the greatest and most consequential election in the history of our country. As our victory showed, the entire nation is rapidly unifying behind our agenda with dramatic increases in support from virtually every element of our society. Young and old, men and women, African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans, urban, suburban and rural. And, very importantly, we had a powerful win in all seven swing states and the popular vote. We won by millions of people.
To the Black and Hispanic communities, I want to thank you for the tremendous outpouring of love and trust that you have shown me with your vote. We set records, and I will not forget it. I’ve heard your voices in the campaign, and I look forward to working with you in the years to come.
Today is Martin Luther King Day and his honor — this will be a great honor — but in his honor, we will strive together to make his dream a reality. We will make his dream come true.
National unity is now returning to America and confidence and pride is soaring like never before. In everything we do my administration will be inspired by a strong pursuit of excellence and unrelenting success. We will not forget our country. We will not forget our Constitution. And we will not forget our God.
Today, I will sign a series of historic executive orders. With these actions, we will begin the complete restoration of America and the revolution of common sense. It’s all about common sense. First, I will declare a national emergency at our southern border. All illegal entry will immediately be halted. And we will begin the process of returning millions and millions of criminal aliens back to the places from which they came. We will reinstate my remain in Mexico policy. I will end the practice of catch and release. And I will send troops to the southern border to repel the disastrous invasion of our country. Under the orders I sign today we will also be designating the cartels as foreign terrorist organizations. And by invoking the Alien Enemies Act of 1798, I will direct our government to use the full and immense power of federal and state law enforcement to eliminate the presence of all foreign gangs and criminal networks bringing devastating crime to U.S. soil, including our cities and inner cities.
As commander in chief, I have no higher responsibility than to defend our country from threats and invasions. And that is exactly what I am going to do. We will do it at a level that nobody has ever seen before. Next, I will direct all members of my cabinet to marshal the vast powers at their disposal to defeat what was record inflation and rapidly bring down costs and prices. The inflation crisis was caused by massive overspending and escalating energy prices. And that is why today I will also declare a national energy emergency. We will drill, baby, drill.
America will be a manufacturing nation once again, and we have something that no other manufacturing nation will ever have: the largest amount of oil and gas of any country on Earth. And we are going to use it. We will bring prices down, fill our strategic reserves up again, right to the top, and export American energy all over the world. We will be a rich nation again. And it is that liquid gold under our feet that will help to do it.
With my actions today, we will end the Green New Deal and we will revoke the electric vehicle mandate, saving our auto industry and keeping my sacred pledge to our great American autoworkers. In other words, you’ll be able to buy the car of your choice. We will build automobiles in America again at a rate that nobody could have dreamt possible just a few years ago. And thank you to the auto workers of our nation for your inspiring vote of confidence. We did tremendously with their vote.
I will immediately begin the overhaul of our trade system to protect American workers and families. Instead of taxing our citizens to enrich other countries, we will tariff and tax foreign countries to enrich our citizens. For this purpose, we are establishing the External Revenue Service to collect all tariffs, duties and revenues. It will be massive amounts of money pouring into our treasury coming from foreign sources.
The American Dream will soon be back and thriving like never before. To restore confidence and effectiveness to our federal government, my administration will establish the brand new Department of Government Efficiency.
After years and years of illegal and unconstitutional federal efforts to restrict free expression, I will also sign an executive order to immediately stop all government censorship and bring back free speech to America. Never again will the immense power of the state be weaponized to persecute political opponents. Something I know something about. We will not allow that to happen. It will not happen again. Under my leadership, we will restore fair, equal and impartial justice under the Constitution and the rule of law. And we are going to bring law and order back to our cities.
This week, I will also end the government policy of trying to socially engineer race and gender into every aspect of public and private life. We will forge a society that is colorblind and merit based. As of today, it will henceforth be the official policy of the United States government that there are only two genders, male and female. This week I will reinstate any service members who were unjustly expelled from the military for objecting to the Covid vaccine mandate with full back pay. And I will sign an order to stop our warriors from being subjected to radical political theories and social experiments while on duty. It’s going to end immediately. Our armed forces will be free to focus on their sole mission—defeating America’s enemies. Like in 2017, we will again build the strongest military the world has ever seen.
We will measure our success not only by the battles we win but also by the wars that we end. And, perhaps most importantly, the wars we never get into. My proudest legacy will be that of a peacemaker and unifier. That’s what I want to be. A peacemaker and a unifier. I’m pleased to say that, as of yesterday, one day before I assumed office, the hostages in the Middle East are coming back home to their families.
America will reclaim its rightful place as the greatest, most powerful, most respected nation on earth, inspiring the awe and admiration of the entire world. A short time from now, we are going to be changing the name of the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of America. And we will restore the name of the great President William McKinley to Mount McKinley, where it should be and where it belongs. President McKinley made our country very rich through tariffs and through talent.
He was a natural businessman and gave Teddy Roosevelt the money for many of the great things he did, including the Panama Canal, which has foolishly been given to the country of Panama after the United States — the United States, I mean, think of this, spent more money than ever spent on a project before and lost 38,000 lives in the building of the Panama Canal. We have been treated very badly from this foolish gift that should have never been made. And Panama’s promise to us has been broken. The purpose of our deal and the spirit of our treaty has been totally violated. American ships are being severely overcharged and not treated fairly in any way, shape or form, and that includes the United States Navy. And above all, China is operating the Panama Canal. And we didn’t give it to China, we gave it to Panama, and we’re taking it back.
Above all, my message to Americans today is that it is time for us to once again act with courage, vigor and the vitality of history’s greatest civilization. So as we liberate our nation, we will lead it to new heights of victory and success. We will not be deterred. Together, we will end the chronic disease epidemic and keep our children safe, healthy and disease free. The United States will once again consider itself a growing nation, one that increases our wealth, expands our territory, builds our cities, raises our expectations and carries our flag into new and beautiful horizons. And we will pursue our manifest destiny into the stars, launching American astronauts to plant the Stars and Stripes on the planet Mars.
And it’s the lifeblood of a great nation. And, right now, our nation is more ambitious than any other. There’s no nation like our nation. Americans are explorers, builders, innovators, entrepreneurs and pioneers. The spirit of the frontier is written into our hearts. The call of the next great adventure resounds from within our souls. Our American ancestors turned a small group of colonies on the edge of a vast continent into a mighty republic of the most extraordinary citizens on Earth. No one comes close. Americans pushed thousands of miles through a rugged land of untamed wilderness. They crossed deserts, scaled mountains, braved untold dangers, won the Wild West, ended slavery, rescued millions from tyranny, lifted millions from poverty, harnessed electricity, split the atom, launched mankind into the heavens and put the universe of human knowledge into the palm of the human hand. If we work together, there is nothing we cannot do and no dream we cannot achieve.
Many people thought it was impossible for me to stage such a historic political comeback. But as you see today, here I am. The American people have spoken. I stand before you now as proof that you should never believe that something is impossible to do. In America, the impossible is what we do best. From New York to Los Angeles, from Philadelphia to Phoenix, from Chicago to Miami, from Houston to right here in Washington, D.C., our country was forged and built by the generations of patriots who gave everything they had for our rights and for our freedom. They were farmers and soldiers, cowboys and factory workers, steel workers and coal miners, police officers and pioneers who pushed onward, marched forward and let no obstacle defeat their spirit or their pride. Together they laid down the railroads, raised up the skyscrapers, built great highways, won two world wars, defeated fascism and communism, and triumphed over every single challenge that they faced.
After all we have been through together, we stand on the verge of the four greatest years in American history. With your help, we will restore an American promise and we will rebuild the nation that we love. And we love it so much. We are one people, one family and one glorious nation under God. So to every parent who dreams for their child and every child to dreams for their future: I am with you, I will fight for you and I will win for you. And we’re going to win like never before.
In recent years, our nation has suffered greatly. But we are going to bring it back and make it great again. Greater than ever before. We will be a nation like no other. Full of compassion, courage and exceptionalism. Our power will stop all wars and bring a new spirit of unity to a world that has been angry, violent, and totally unpredictable.
America will be respected again and admired again, including by people of religion, faith and goodwill. We will be prosperous. We will be proud. We will be strong and we will win like never before. We will not be conquered. We will not be intimidated. We will not be broken. And we will not fail.
From this day on, the United States of America will be a free, sovereign and independent nation. We will stand bravely. We will live proudly. We will dream boldly, and nothing will stand in our way. Because we are Americans. The future is ours. And our golden age has just begun.
Thank you. God bless America. Thank you all. Thank you.
来源:看中國
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